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In 2023, Iranian officials blamed the United States and its allies for many of the world’s ills. In his U.N. speech, President Ebrahim Raisi declared that Western power was waning. “The world is changing and transitioning to an emerging international order, and this path is irreversible,” he told…

What was the status of Iran’s nuclear program at the end of 2023? Given the way Tehran has accelerated its program in the past, what are the biggest dangers of further advances in 2024?Overall, Iran's nuclear program continued to trend in the wrong direction. During 2023, the proliferation risks…

What are Iran’s political challenges in 2024?The main challenges for the government are maintaining political stability and stabilizing the dire economic situation, especially the very high inflation rate. Officials understand that the legitimacy of the regime has eroded, especially since the…

Since 2018, Iran has detained many women activists, students, lawyers and even revolutionary insiders, such as Faezeh Hashemi, the daughter of former President Hashemi Rafsanjani, who criticized the regime or participated in protests. It has picked up journalists, including Niloofar Hamedi and…

On November 15, FBI director Christopher Wray warned that the United States faced growing dangers at home from the war between Hamas and Israel thousands of miles away. Wray specifically cited Iran, “the world’s largest state sponsor of terrorism,” for operations directly and indirectly through…

On November 14, the United States and Britain sanctioned the leadership of Hamas and Palestinian Islamic Jihad as well as mechanisms used by Iran to support the militant groups. “Together with our partners we are decisively moving to degrade Hamas’s financial infrastructure, cut them off from…

On November 11, Iranian President Ebrahim Raisi condemned Israel for allegedly committing the “most heinous crimes” in history during its campaign against Hamas — a response to the brutal attack on southern Israel that killed 1,200 Israelis on October 7. “What has happened in the past five weeks in…

On Nov. 7, 2023, President Biden renewed the national emergency with respect to Iran, which gives the president broad powers to unilaterally impose sanctions or other punitive measures and regulate trade. President Jimmy Carter declared the state of emergency, which must be extended every year, in…

On Nov. 2, 2023, Secretary of State Antony Blinken headed to the Middle East for consultations with regional leaders on the war between Israel and Hamas. He worked to prevent the conflict from spreading, secure the release of hostages, and increase the volume of aid entering Gaza. The following are…

A woman posing in front of a mural outside of the former embassyOn Nov. 4, 2023, Iran held celebrations to mark the 44th anniversary of the seizure of the U.S. Embassy, when 52 American diplomats were held for 444 days. The takeover, which gripped world attention, ended a presidency and introduced…

In a much-anticipated speech on November 3, Hezbollah leader Hassan Nasrallah heralded the Hamas offensive against Israel and said his Shiite militia was playing a supporting role by targeting Israeli troops along the northern border, thereby dividing Israel’s military forces. “Some say I’m going…

Hamas and Palestinian Islamic Jihad (PIJ), the two militant movements in Gaza, have violently challenged Israel’s right to exist since their creation in the 1980s. Both have a similar agenda—to defeat Israel and create an Islamic state in historic Palestine. “The day that enemies usurp part of…

On October 26, Iranian Foreign Minister Hossein Amir-Abdollahian spoke to the U.N. General Assembly about the war between Hamas and Israel. Tehran has armed, financed and supported Hamas, a movement of Palestinian extremists, since it grew out of the First Intifadah in 1987. Hamas initiated the war…

Attacks against U.S. forces deployed in the Middle East, most notably in Iraq and Syria, intensified after the Hamas-Israel war erupted on October 7, 2023. The United States blamed most of the incidents on Iranian proxy militias but also cited Iran as the sponsor and facilitator of the armed…

The United States first sanctioned Hamas in 1995 and put the Sunni extremist movement on the list of Foreign Terrorist Organizations in 1997. Five presidents – Clinton, Bush, Obama, Trump and Biden – sporadically imposed additional sanctions on the Palestinian organization’s political and military…

Since 1982, Hezbollah has embodied Iran’s grand strategy to create a network of proxy forces across the Middle East, both to expand Tehran’s sphere of influence and promote its security interests and Islamic ideology. The Shiite movement took root after Israel’s 1982 invasion and amid the chaos of…

Lebanon’s main Islamist party has undergone a profound transformation over the past four decades. Once associated with suicide bombings and hostage-taking, Hezbollah has steadily evolved from an underground movement in 1982 to the dominant political player in Lebanon in 2023. Yet even though…

Since its creation in December 1987, Hamas has invoked militant interpretations of Islam to spearhead a Sunni extremist movement committed to destroying Israel. Hamas distanced itself from the longstanding Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO)—an umbrella organization for disparate Palestinian…

Since its creation in 1982, Hezbollah rhetoric has been laden with inflammatory language threatening Israel’s existence and the U.S. presence in the Middle East. Its formal name is the Party of God. Its power base is among Lebanese Shiites, a sect that has historically been marginalized in Lebanese…

On October 18, the United States sanctioned 10 Hamas operatives and financial facilitators in response to the brutal terrorist attack on Israel. The nine men and one company were based in Gaza and the West Bank as well as Algeria, Qatar, Sudan, and Turkey. A Hamas operative based in Qatar had close…

On October 18, the United States sanctioned 11 people, eight entities and one vessel linked to Iran’s ballistic missile and unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) programs. They were based in Iran, Hong Kong, China and Venezuela and had materially supported the Revolutionary Guards, the defense ministry, or…

Iran’s network of proxy militias uniformly rallied around Hamas in its multi-prong attack on Israel, including murderous atrocities against hundreds of civilians, on Oct. 7, 2023. Hezbollah leader Hassan Nasrallah said that the war “sends a message to the Arab and Islamic world, and the…

Hamas and Palestinian Islamic Jihad (PIJ), militias in the Gaza Strip, launched a multi-prong attack on Israel on Oct. 7, 2023. The land, sea and air assault included rocket attacks on southern and central Israel and the brutal murder of civilians in their homes in towns and villages near Gaza. At…

Iran’s top leaders applauded Hamas for its multi-pronged attack on Israel in public comments, contacts with leaders of the militant factions in Gaza, and in Iranian media. Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei called the unprecedented operation “a devastating earthquake” and a “great calamity” for…

Hamas, a Palestinian movement armed, trained and funded by Iran, launched a multi-prong military operation on Israel on Oct. 7, 2023. It included rocket attacks on southern and central Israel, balaclava-clad fighters dropping from paragliders, and the murderous slaughter of civilians in their homes…

October 9  International: Iran’s U.N. mission argued that the brutal attack on Israel by Hamas and Islamic Jihad was a “wholly legitimate defense against seven decades of oppressive occupation.” But it denied playing any role in the multi-prong assault. "We emphatically stand in unflagging support…

Iranian human rights activist Narges Mohammadi was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize on Oct. 6, 2023. The following are world reactions.  President Joe Biden“I join with people around the world in congratulating Narges Mohammadi on being awarded the 2023 Nobel Peace Prize and in celebrating her…

Nobel laureate Narges Mohammadi has been prolific in her writing, including essays, articles, a book and social media campaigning on issues of human rights and personal freedoms. The following is a sampling of recent comments.            View this post on Instagram…

On Oct. 6, 2023, Narges Mohammadi – an imprisoned Iranian human rights activist – won the Nobel Peace Prize. The Norwegian Nobel Committee commended “her fight against the oppression of women in Iran and her fight to promote human rights and freedom for all.” Since the 1990s, Mohammadi has…

September 25 International: The State Department had denied Iran’s request for Foreign Minister Hossein Amir-Abdollahian to travel to Washington, D.C. “Given Iran’s wrongful detention of U.S. citizens, given Iran’s state sponsorship of terrorism, we did not believe it was either appropriate or…